7.4.2. The rechargeable battery - the general information, recommendations about service
The 12-voltny battery installed on the car consists of six cans in which positive and negative plates (lamels) shipped in solution of sulfuric acid are placed. The main task of the battery is production of the current necessary for implementation of start of the engine, ignition/activation of candles of an incandescence and for lighting, and also for providing other onboard or auxiliary consumers of the electric power with food.
Absolute return of the battery takes place at the ambient temperature of 27 °C, at -18 °C efficiency of return falls to 40% and implementation of start of the engine requires in two with small time more energy.
Starting power (starting current) shows ability of the accumulator to start the car in the conditions of very cold weather. It shows current in amperes which gives the accumulator within 30 seconds at -18 °C without power failure lower than 7.2 volts (the minimum level demanded for reliable start). The this indicator, the more starting power of the accumulator is higher.
Reserve power shows time in minutes during which the accumulator gives current of 25 Amperes at 27 °C, i.e. time during which the accumulator ensures functioning of all auxiliary devices in the car at night and in the conditions of bad weather at the faulty generator.
In winter conditions, at temperatures below -18 °C efficiency of recharge of the battery decreases in view of increase of internal resistance. At short trips in the winter the energy spent by the battery for start of the engine does not manage to be restored and the battery begins works very hard, being gradually discharged and, eventually, fails is irreversible.
In summer months at long trips the engine strongly heats up, and often happens that it is difficult to start it anew. Not less energy is sometimes spent for such "hot" starts demand the battery, than in frosty weather. Told in a special measure treats high-compression engines with the large working volume of cylinders, and also the models equipped with the air conditioning system.
Acquisition of the new rechargeable battery
Told above states on importance of correctness of the choice of the rechargeable battery taking into account parameters of the engine and a complete set of the vehicle.
The first what it is necessary to pay attention upon purchase of the new rechargeable battery to, are its performance data. Such characteristics - three. The first: The RATED OUTPUT VOLTAGE which has identical value (12 V) for all applied on cars that practically excludes probability of a mistake.
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Upon purchase it is desirable to check the rechargeable battery a load fork. |
The second: The CAPACITY measured in Ampere/hours (And / h) and, roughly speaking, defining a stock of the electric power which is contained in the battery. Depends on the choice of size of this parameter as long the battery is capable to provide a possibility of a provorachivaniye of the engine with a starter, more precisely - how many it is possible to make attempts of start of the engine. The price of the rechargeable battery is almost directly proportional to its capacity. And third characteristic: The STARTING CURRENT measured in Amperes (A) i.e. the current given on a starter at start of the engine. The size of starting current on batteries can be specified according to four different standards: GOST (for domestic accumulators), EN (the standard of Uniform Europe), SAE (the American standard) and DIN (Germany). The last, German standard, is closest to our state standard specification and on the majority of batteries of the European production is put down "by default" i.e. when the system of the standard is not specified. The starting current is higher, the big turns are developed by a starter and the he is capable to transfer bigger torque to an engine flywheel.
Ideally, the acquired replaceable battery on the performance data has to conform completely to the requirements specified in the maintenance instruction of the car at which observance the term of its service will be maximum. Acquisition of the battery of smaller capacity can hardly be considered good economy of money as it will serve much less and, besides, can lead to the unpleasant efforts connected with start of the engine in winter season. It is not necessary to buy the battery with excessively big starting current, - such hobby is accompanied by risk of failure of a starter. If the standard battery does not provide a due provorachivaniye of the engine, it will be more correct to make for a start replacement of motive oil, - that most likely will lead to automatic elimination of a problem.
Lately the market of the country is overflowed with low-quality goods and fakes. The rechargeable battery are also not an exception. There are several signs on which it is possible with sufficient degree of probability to distinguish the original from a fake. The first and, perhaps, main thing: on the case of the battery the country manufacturer and the manufacturing plant have to be surely specified, it is better if with the address. The second: date of production has to be specified that special value has for batteries of tight (unattended) type. Technical data sheet while existence of the instruction is not strictly obligatory that is connected with the fact that in the West rechargeable batteries practically do not go on retail surely has to be included in the delivery package, and their installation on the car is usually carried out by specialists of car service. The third: high-quality batteries differ in good appearance. The case has to have smooth edges, to be equipped with reliable traffic jams and the smooth, covered with protective caps polar plugs which quite often become covered by a layer of special anticorrosive lubricant.
Battery charging
Charging of the failed battery should be made according to instructions of manufacturers of the charger.
Operations procedure after shutdown of the rechargeable battery
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PERFORMANCE ORDER |
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